35 Remarkable Ancient Indian Inventions and Technologies

(Last Updated On: April 16, 2021)

Ancient Indian inventions have a great role in furnish the world Ancient India has performed its share of revolutionizing and popularizing its originations to present-day human society, with many of ancient Indian technology inventions in a continuous process. In this article, I am going to talk about some of the ancient Indian inventions

The Indus Valley civilization, rivaling the likes of Egyptians and Greeks, performed an essential position in establishing essential milestones in epistemology, arts and crafts, expertise, garments and materials, metrology, genetics, industrial manufacturing, and each different subject possible. Read in regards to the antiquity and present effect of seven such historic Indian innovations.

Ancient Indian inventions

Bakhshali manuscript, the Oldest report of Zero Symbol (Dotted kind), Third-4th century CE; Elephant-headed youngster Ganesha, 13th century CE; Chert cubed-weights excavated at Chanhu-Daro, Indus Valley, 2400-1700 BCE. Let’s find below 35 ancient Indian inventions you would be loving to know. You may also love to read about ancient Egyptian inventions.

1. Chakravala the method of algorithm

The chakravala technique to resolve a cyclic algorithm indefinite quadratic equations, together with the Pell equation, this is one of the greatest ancient Indian inventions.

This course for acquiring integral options developed by Brahmagupta, one of many well-known mathematicians of the seventh century CE.

Another mathematician, generalized Jayadeva later this technique for a wider vary of equations which were additional refined by Bhaskara II in his treatise Bijaganita.

2. Suits Game

The well-liked recreation of playing cards originated from India & was referred to as Krida-patram (which accurately means “painted rags for playing”). You may also love to know about the inventions of the 17th century.

3. Chess

This toddler Indian invention of chess had 64 squares and in contrast to its current counterpart, was performed by 4 people as a substitute of two. Each participant had eight items: 4 pawns, king, bishop, knight, and rook.

Alternatively, instead of a six-faced dice, an oblong one was used. In addition, the gamers dealing with one another have been allied and two groups have been fashioned based mostly on the opposing instructions of their seating positions.

4. Fibonacci Numbers

The Fibonacci numbers have been first described by Virahanka, Gopala, and Hemachandra as an outgrowth of earlier writings by Pingala, this is one of the awesome ancient Indian inventions.

5. Cataract

The Bower Manuscript, named after the discoverer who unearthed the Sushruta Samhita (the ebook of medication) in Turkestan, 1890, particulars the attainable number of procedures and ailments for the advantage of humankind.

The translation by Bhisgratna in 1907 acknowledges the doctor Sushruta, as the author, and for his contributions to the philosophical and procedural theories of medication. In this book, there’s a point out of couching, the operation used within the therapy of cataract.

6. Weights

The Indian innovations, dated 2400-1700 BCE, have been made utilizing the decimal and binary mathematical techniques of measurement.

The items found have been multi-colored, made of various sands, and got here in several styles and sizes.

Metrologists estimate that the stones have been first formed with a chisel, after which stroked on clean surfaces until the required mass quantity was achieved.

7. Mathematics

Mathematics is achieved via the human mind a really excessive stage of abstraction. In historic India roots of arithmetic might be traced back to the Vedic literature, the outdated about 4000 years. Between 1000 BC to 1000 AD, a variety of mathematical treatises have been written in India.

8. Diamond Mining

Worldwide, India was the one supply of diamonds till the invention of mines in Brazil within the 18th century. Almost 5000 years in the past, diamonds have been first acknowledged and mined in central India.

9. Production Technology

Mechanical and manufacturing expertise of historic India ensured the processing of pure merchandise and their transformation into items of commerce, commerce, and export.

A lot of vacationers and historians (together with Megasthenes, Ptolemy, Faxian, Xuanzang, Marco Polo, Al Baruni, and Ibn Battuta) have quite a lot of merchandise displayed which is produced by the traditional Indians the corporate of “known world” consumed and exported.

10. Snakes and Ladders

The recreation, Snakes & Ladders, was invented in India as a recreation of morals. Later it unfolds to England and finally launched within the USA by recreation pioneer Milton Bradley in 1943.

11. The Concept Of Zero

In the lengthy listing of unusual Indian innovations, the astronomer Aryabhata is all the time cited for first utilizing the expression ‘Kha’ for zero in his numbering system.

Through him, zero had lastly gained a positional worth. Its goal now shifted from being a mere named idea to changing into a quantity in its personal proper. 100 years later, you see one other scientific genius, Brahmagupta using the phrase sunya (empty), widely-used in present-day India, to indicate zero.

Various synonyms similar to akasa (sky) are utilized in later years, connoting to the concept of an ‘empty circle’ and imagining the idea of zero in several varieties, aside from merely tallying numbers. This is how the idea of zero remodeled from an adjective to a noun (proper number).

12. The heliocentric theory

Often to make mathematicians of historic India used their mathematical information correct astronomical predictions.

The most essential amongst them was Aryabhatta whose book, Aryabhatiya, represented the top of the astronomical information on the time.

He propounded true that the earth is spherical, rotates about its own axis, and revolves around the solar that’s the heliocentric principle.

He additionally made predictions in regards to the solar and lunar eclipses, the length of the day, and the space between the Earth and the moon.

13. Shampoo

The phrase ‘Shampoo’ is derived from chāmpo. It was initially used as a head therapeutic massage oil for the Nawabs of Bengal throughout the Mughal Empire around 1762.

It developed into shampoo through the years, this is one of the remarkable ancient Indian inventions.

14. Steel and Metal W0rks

Ancient Indians have been pioneers in metallurgy. The high-quality metal was produced, virtually two thousand years earlier than it was understood by the West.

One of essentially the most exceptional feat in metallurgy: making a seamless celestial globe, was invented in Kashmir. It was earlier thought unattainable to create a steel globe without seams.

15. Numeral Notation

Indians, as early as 500 BCE, had developed for every quantity from one to 9 a system of various symbols.

This notation system was adopted from the Arabs and it refers back to the path signal. Centuries later this notation system of the Western world, it was assumed that designated them the Arabic numerals, as they achieved by Arab merchants.

16. Astronomy

Apart from this link of astronomy with astrology in historic India to proceed to develop unbiased science of astronomy and culminated in preliminary outcomes, similar to:

i.The calculation of occurrences of eclipses

ii.Determination of Earth’s circumference

iii.Theorizing in regards to the theory of gravitation

iv.Determining that the sun was a star and dedication of a number of planets under our solar system

17. First university – Takshashila University

As early as 700 B.C., there existed an enormous University at Takshashila, positioned within the northwest area of India.

It had 300 lecture halls, laboratories, a library, and a towering observatory for astronomical analysis.

A Chinese traveler, Hien Tsang wrote in his diary that it had 10,000 students and 200 professors.

18. Medicine & Surgery

Ayurveda as a science of medication owes its origins in historic India. Ayurveda consists of two Sanskrit phrases – Ayur ‘means age or life and Veda means information. Thus, the literal that means of Ayurveda is the science of life or longevity.

Ayurveda makes use of the concepts of illnesses and ailments, their signs, diagnosis, and treatment, and depends closely on natural medicines, together with extracts from a number of vegetation of medicinal values.

This dependence on herbs differs from Ayurveda techniques like allopathy and homeopathy. Ayurveda has all the time distanced himself from witch medical doctors and voodoo.

19. Yoga

The time period yoga has diverse meanings within the Sanskrit lexicon, starting from the noun chariot (200 BCE–400 CE) to the union of the body with God.

It is within the Third century BCE we see that the God of Death makes the comparison of the body and mind to the rider and the chariot.

In the textual content Kathaka Upanisad, Nachiketa, the youngest brother of Pandavas, is made aware of the three foundations of yoga: the significance and physiology of the human body; the connection of the person to the Supreme being; and, the parts of the thoughts and body.

20. Shipbuilding & Navigation

A panel in Mohenjodaro discovered reveals a cruising vessel, and 1000’s years later Ajanta murals additionally present a seafaring ship.

The science of shipbuilding and navigation was identified to historic Indians. Sanskrit and Pali texts are replete with maritime references and outdated Indians, particularly from the coastal areas have been industrial relations with a number of nations over the Bay of Bengal as Cambodia, Java, Sumatra, Borneo, and even China.

Similar maritime and commerce relations existed with the nations on the Arabian Sea as Arabia, Egypt, and Persia.

21. Ayurveda

Long earlier than the beginning of Hippocrates, Charaka authored a seminal textual content, Charaka Samhita, on the traditional science of Ayurveda.

Referred to as the father of Indian drugs, Charaka was was the primary doctor to current the idea of digestion metabolism and immunity in his book.

Charaka the outdated guide on preventive drugs remained a typical work on the topic for 2 thousand years and has been translated into many languages, together with Arabic and Latin.

22. Radio/Wireless communication

We all know that Marconi acquired a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909 for contribution to the event of wi-fi telegraphy.

But the first public demonstration of radio waves for communication was made by Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose in 1895, two years previous to Marconi’s comparable demonstration in England.

23. Ruler

Rulers have been first utilized by the Indus Valley Civilization prior to 1500 BCE. Made of ivory, the rulers discovered throughout the excavation, reveal the wonderful accuracy of decimal subdivisions on it. You may also love to know about the inventions of the 1920s.

24. Plastic Surgery: Facial Reconstruction

The theory of reconstructive surgical procedure is recorded in Indian sources as outdated as 4000 years in the past.

Vedic information of the time retells the story of Shiva, a Supreme Hindu deity, changing the top of his lifeless human son, Ganesh, with the face of an elephant baby.

According to those sources, the information of Ayurveda (the science of life) was handed down from Brahma, one other Supreme Hindu deity, to Sushruta, the son of King of Banaras, via a sequence of gods and people appearing because of the connecting links.

25. Flush Toilets

Flush bathrooms have been first used within the Indus Valley Civilization. These existed in most houses and have been related to a complicated sewage mechanism. The civilization was outstanding in hydraulic engineering.

26. Civil Engineering & Architecture

India’s city civilization is traceable to Mohenjodaro and Harappa, now in Pakistan, the place deliberate city communities existed 5,000 years in the past.

From then on, the traditional Indian structure and civil engineering continued to develop and develop.

It discovered manifestation within the building of temples, palaces, and forts on the Indian peninsula and the neighboring areas.

In historic India, structure and building as Sthapatya Kala identified literal translation of which the artwork of establishing (some) means.

27. Cashmere wool

The founding father of the cashmere wool business is historically held to be the 15th-century ruler of Kashmir, Zayn-ul-Abidin, who employed weavers from Central Asia.

The point out of woolen shawls constituted of this wool in Kashmir are present in a number of books between the 3rd century BCE and the 11th century CE.

28. Binary Codes

Binary numbers have been first described by Pingala (c. 200 BC). Pingala is the standard title of the writer of the Chandaḥśāstra, the earliest identified Sanskrit treatise on prosody.

29. Prefabricated home and movable structure

In 16th century Mughal India, throughout the reign of Akbar, the primary prefabricated & movable buildings have been invented.

30. Buddhism and Jainism

Jainism has traditionally been largely confined to India, whereas Buddhism originated in India however subsequently flourished and developed a number of branches in different Asian nations.

31. Cotton

Arguably, cotton is essentially the most commercialized commodity on earth. With one other achievement underneath its belt within the lengthy listing of Indian innovations, Indus Valley civilization had begun rising cotton means earlier than anybody else.

While the traditional Greeks adorned goatskins and different animal hides as clothes, historic Indians had begun cultivating cotton within the Fifth-4th millennium BCE.

32. Ink

Many historic cultures and civilizations independently found and ready ink for writing functions. The supply of carbon pigment utilized in Indian Ink (known as musi) used in historic India, was India.

Since the 4th century BC, the observation of writing with ink with a pointy pointed needle was common in South India.

33. Chemistry

Ancient India’s growth in chemistry was not restricted to a summary stage like physics, however, discovered the event in quite a lot of sensible actions.

In each early civilization, metallurgy an exercise central to all cultures from the Bronze Age and Iron Age remained to all different cultures that adopted. It is believed that the fundamental concept of smelting historic India from Mesopotamia and the Middle East reached.

Coinage from the eighth century BC. the A. D. Numismatic proof obtained by melt technology in historic India advances of the 17th century.

34. Buttons

Buttons have been first utilized in Mohenjo-Daro for decorative goals quite than for fastening. They have been first used in the Indus Valley Civilization by 2000 BCE.

35. Physics

The root of the idea of the atom in historic India is derived from the classification of the fabric world into 5 primary components of historic Indian philosophers.

These 5 components’ and such classification existed for the reason that Vedic occasions, prior to 3000 BC. These 5 components have been the Earth (Prithvi), fire (Agni), air (vayu), water (JAAL), and ether or space (aksha).

Earth with the smell, air with the sensation that fire with vision, flavored water, and ether/space with sound: These components have been additionally related to human senses.

Later, Buddhist philosophers ether/area changed with life, pleasure, and unhappiness.